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How do you use the tools
together?
First, here are three independent
author's descriptions of how to use these tools.
Using
FRD Tools to Design a Speaker
and
Crossover
Simulation in Speaker Workshop - Tutorial with FRD Tools
and
Speaker
Workshop Manual - With FRD Tools (large zip file download)
The
tools at the FRDC are subject specialized. The idea is to find the best of breed
technology in each application area for your particular project and combine their results and/or pass the data
from one program to the next. For example, SPL Tracer is one means of creating FRD
speaker files (from response graphs), and another method to create FRD
files for speaker drivers is an external measuring program. These resulting frequency responses are specific to the baffle shape/size and the box size
and box back wave type (sealed, ported, TL) used in the measurement situation
(in the pre-existing graph or as you are measuring). Using Baffle Diffraction prediction and Box Modeling tools, you can
simulate the measurement conditions as well as the target conditions (final
configuration) for your
design. By adding and subtracting these responses together you can convert a
traced or measured response to be predictive of your final design before
actually constructing it.
So the general flow between the tools is usually, to predict the response from
the box and baffle and simulate the field patterns and for differing
combinations of drivers. For some designs, its easier to start with the end
result you desire and work backward, to locate drivers that would fit the design.
An example of that would be to use the target generating programs (like the
Transient Perfect Programs for example) first, then subtract out the other
influences and use that to find drivers that closely fit those criteria. For
other designs you might start with specific speaker drivers you have already
chosen and work forward through the box and baffle toward to required crossover.
It all depends on what you are sure about when you start the design. Usually
size and cost constraints determine the aspects of the design that require the
most experimentation and thus the discovery process to convert that idea to a
final system design.
Below are
several processes you might use to achieve your final design. The first two
listed, are simulations without really building anything; one analog passive and
the other active digital. The next two examples are ways to achieve a design by
measurement and using the FRDC tools to assist in that process. The last two
process examples are ways you might used the FRDC tools to enhance or correct or
improve a design
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Analog FRD Simulation
Process
The analog process can start from
either the final targets or the actual drivers the designer has decided he wants
to use. If starting from the drivers, then the drivers response as measured on a
non final test baffle/box or traced (SPL Tracer) from the manufacturers response
graphs are first acquired. Next Baffle Diffraction and Box Model are
simulated for target and measurement conditions (BDS, Unibox, Sub Simulator, UH
Frame). These responses are imported into a processing tool (FRC) where the
effects of box and baffle are corrected and the responses are extended,
normalized, subtracted/added and the minimum phase re-derived.
The resulting situationally specific corrected responses are then imported into a
crossover design tool (PCD, Crossover Simulator) and the targets either imported
from an external target program or created in the crossover program where the
components to achieve those responses are calculated.
The raw driver responses and/or the final crosssover corrected designs can be
used to simulate the 3D dispersion and lobing pattern with the ARPE and VPR
programs at any step in the design process.
Analog FRD Measurement Process
The analog process
from a Measurement is very similar to the Simulation. Since the measurement is
from the actual Box used in the final design, there is no need to Model the Box
at all. If your measurements are near field then you may want to model the
baffle diffraction for near field and also for your listening distance and
subtract to create a diffraction distance correction. You would do this with the
BDS and FRC as above. The remainder of the crossover design process is as above.
Other Corrections
Many of the remaining
tools at FRDC can be used to roughly estimate or fine tune aspects of a
design. The largest remaining class of tools are EQ control tools. The Linkwitz
Transform, Parametric EQ, Transfer Function Designer and Minimum Phase Response
Modeler can be in many many ways, both early in a design to estimate requirements,
as well as the final correction for a specific in room response. Specifically related is the Room
Response Calculator which interacts well with all the EQ control tools.
One of the
most popular tools is the Passive Crossover Design Calculator with can be used
to solve specific crossover correction issues as a preview or final tool and is
the most demonstrative for how crossover elements are chosen and added to a
system.
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Rect Linear Digital Simulation Process
The process of digital
crossover generation usually starts with a Target generator program, like the
MPRM, TFD, TPSD, FM, TPSDM, etc. The resulting targets can be output and viewed in
pattern simulation programs (ARPE, VPR) to determine if the resulting dispersion
and lobing is satisfactory; further clarifying the requirements for you to choosing
the best drivers for this design.
Once the
drivers are selected, they are measured in a test baffle/box and/or traced (SPL
Tracer). Next, Baffle Diffraction and Box Model are simulated for target and
measurement conditions (BDS, Unibox, Sub Simulator, UH Frame). These responses
are imported into a processing tool (FRC) where the effects of box and baffle
are corrected and the responses are extended, normalized, subtracted/added and
the minimum phase re-derived.
The resulting situationally specific corrected responses are converted to Rect
Linear Format and the Target corrections are also imported, already in Rect
Linear FRD format and are then subtracted. The resulting Rect Linear FRD files, the
driver corrections that the DSP processing needs to perform, are output for each
driver. Programs like DSP Tools or Brute FIR can use the Rect Linear FRD files
to simulate these final digital crossovers.
Rect Linear Digital Measurement
Process
The digital process
from a Measurement is very similar to the Simulation. Since the measurement is
from the actual Box used in the final design, there is no need to Model the Box
at all. If your measurements are near field then you may want to model the
baffle diffraction for near field and also for your listening distance and
subtract to create a diffraction distance correction. You would do this with the
BDS and FRC as above. The remainder of the crossover design process is as above.
Combinations
All
the responses that can be derived or calculated by all of these tools can be
mixed, multiplied, subtracted, filtered, resampled, extended, bent, soft spliced and gain scaled with
the Frequency Response Combiner tool. Specifically designed to normalize,
combine and complete any FRD response (Standard and Rect Linear) the FRC is the conversion tool to get all FRD
responses conformed for interchange as required by the needs of the specific
tool, whether part of the FRDC or external.
One of the most essential processes of the FRC is the Minimum Phase Extraction
tool which completes a Frequency only response into a Frequency and Phase response.
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